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KMID : 0376719820060010002
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Seoul Journal of Psychiatry
1982 Volume.6 No. 1 p.2 ~ p.15
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The Psychological Considerations to the Korean Traditional Thoughts on ´Kui Shin´ (Kuei Shen)
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Abstract
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The theoretical formulations on Kui Shin by the Confucian scholars from Yi dynasty; Yi Ick, Kim Shi Sub, Chung To Chun, Chang Kye Ee, the King Moon Jong, Suh Ko Jong, and the Taoist, Sub Kyong Dok were brought together in order to elucidate their meanings in the light of the analytical psychology of C.G. Jung.
The investigation was concerned largely with the theories and opinions of a prominent scholar from Neo-Confucian school of Yi dynasty, Song Ho Yi Ick (1681^1763) on the nature of demons and spirits.
The other scholar´s formulations are rather supplementary to Song Ho´s with some differences in their emphasis on various aspect of the subject.
For these scholars the Kui Shin was an invisible action of Ki (cchi) of universe, a numinosum and a premordial creative force itself, to which one should devote himself with extreme sincerity, ´Song´an attitude of religio in terms of Jung. The ghost as low and unreal one was distinguished from this highest spiritual power.
Kui is originated from the condensation of Ki (cchi) after death; the separation of Hon (Hun) from Paek (Po) which is usually in a state of oneness in life. Symbolically seen, the resemblance between this formulation and Jung´s conception of the complex which can be caused by the dissociation of the mind can be recognized. Because Kui (Kuei) is consisted of Ki (cchi), it can penetrate into every thing and mind of everybody and thus knows the secret mind. Synchronicity phenomena was pointed out in the examples of spirit possession by Yi Ick. ´Kam ung´, resonance between the Kui Shin and the living can be elicited by only ego´s careful attention and response to the call of Kui Shin.
"The same Ki (cchi) is looking for each other" was the principle of such resonance.
Male centered characteristics in Chinese philosophy whichy Jung pointed out in his Secret of the Golden Flowers and his interpretation of Hun, Po and Gui could be applied to the Confucian thought of Kui Shin.
The ´--´noble-minded Confucian scholars with sincerity and reason could not escape from the demoniacal phenomena, although they sometimes had bitterly criticized the shaman´s false indulgence of spiritual power. Probably their anima in the unconscious was projected to the female ghost stories which were told so abundantly during Yi dynasty.
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